生活型

tree

形態特徵

• Large deciduous trees with trunks up to 13 m high, 130 cm across; crown flat-topped; bark glabrous, gray-black; young leaves brown-hairy beneath, soon becoming glabrous.
• Leaves brown-hairy beneath, soon becoming glabrous. Leaves elliptic to ovate, 4–6 cm long, 2.4–2.8 cm wide, acute at apex, rounded at base, serrulate or rarely double-serrulate, nearly glabrous on both sides, midrib furrowed above and elevated beneath, sparsely hairy, lateral veins 7–10 pairs, sparsely hairy; petioles 0.5–0.7 cm long, hairy.
• Staminate inflorescence 2.2–2.3 cm long; flowers 5–6-fascicled on a peduncle, 7–8 mm long, about 3 mm wide; perianth united into a tube, tube, 4–5-lobed, ca. 3 mm long, golden-hairy outside, glabrous inside; stamens 5–12, filaments 3.5–4 mm long, anthers 1 mm long, longitudinally dehiscent; involucre 3 mm long, 6 mm wide, scales numerous, needle-like, hairy, the stalk of involucre 6 mm long, hairy. Pistillate flowers 3 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, sessile; perianth 5–6-lobed; cross section of ovary sagittate in shape, styles 3, somewhat flat, hairy, stigmas glabrous, pointed. Fruit globose-ovoid, 0.8–1 cm long, sparsely soft-spined;
• Cupules puberulent, splitting into 4 regular valves, stalk 0.7–0.9 cm long; nuts usually 2, about 0.8 cm long, 0.4 cm across, 3-winged.
• The most important associated tree species include Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum, Neolitsea aciculata, Enkianthus perulatus, Osmanthus heterophyllus, Cyclobalanopsis sessilifolia, Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana, Litsea acuminata, Prunus phaeosticta

物候

Flowering from March to April; fruits maturing from September to November.

分布

• 台灣 : Taiwan, only limited to a few isolated fragments on ridgetops (1,340–2,000 m altitude) in northern and northeastern Taiwan, including Niautzueishan (Hsinchu), Ayushan, Chulushan-Lopeishan-Peichatienshan-Lalashan Ridge (Taipei), Yayinshan-Tungshan-Lupeshan
• 世界 : Distributed in mainland China (E & C).

引證標本

TAIPEI: N. Chatienshan, Suzuki 4630; Taipei, Suzuki 8658. ILAN: Suigen near Sanhsing, Lotung, Suzuki 5960. TAOYUAN: Chatienshan, Konishi 36413, Hino 7362.

參考文獻

• LIAO, JIH-CHING, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 87. 1996.  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)